Associate Certified Entomologist (ACE) Practice Exam

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of borates in insects?

1. Acts as a neurotoxin affecting synaptic transmission

2. Affects energy production within the cells

3. Inhibits the release of acetylcholine

4. Causes permanent damage to the neurotransmitter receptors

The correct answer is: Affects energy production within the cells

The mechanism of action of borates in insects primarily revolves around their ability to affect energy production within the cells. Borates disrupt the normal physiological processes of insects by interfering with their metabolic functions. They can inhibit specific enzymes involved in energy metabolism, leading to reduced ATP (adenosine triphosphate) production, which is essential for cellular energy and function. This metabolic disruption can result in the eventual death of the insect as its energy reserves deplete and essential processes fail. The other options pertain to different mechanisms associated with other classes of insecticides but do not accurately represent how borates exert their effects on insects. Specifically, while neurotoxicity is a common mechanism in many pesticides, borates do not function primarily as neurotoxins. Instead, their impact is more aligned with metabolic processes rather than directly interfering with synaptic transmission or the action of neurotransmitters, highlighting the unique role that borates play in pest control.